Catholic nun and philanthropist Henriette Díaz de Lille was born on March 11, 1813, in New Orleans, Louisiana. Her great, great, grandmother was enslaved and brought from West Africa. Her mother, Marie-Josèphe Díaz, was a free woman of color, and her father, Jean-Baptiste Lille Sarpy, was from Fumel, France. The couple was not legally married as marriage between Black and white races was prohibited by law in Louisiana at that time. Henriette had two siblings, Cecile Bonile de Lille and Samuel Hart de Lille. All of the children were reared as Roman Catholics on the 500 block of Burgundy Street in the city’s French Quarter. Unlike her siblings, who passed as white, Henriette always referred to herself as a free person of color.
In 1827, at the age of 14, the already well-educated Henriette de Lille taught at the St. Claude School for girls of color. She remained there until 1835. In that year, upon learning of the severe mental illness of her mother, she inherited the family’s assets, including both money and real estate, and began functioning as a caregiver. She sold the remaining property in the estate to begin an order of Black Catholic nuns, The Sisters of the Presentation.
The First New Orleans Saint (NOLA.com)
Between 1835 and 1837, de Lille gave birth to two children while in a concubinage relationship called plaçage where wealthy white European men lived with Black women. Despite her status, she spoke out against the plaçage system as it violated the Catholic sacrament of marriage. Instead, she responded to her “spiritual calling” of educating the enslaved, caring for the sick, the poor, and elderly. By 1842, she changed the name of the Sisters of the Presentation to the Sisters of the Holy Family. It was housed at St. Augustine’s Church, with her two lifelong friends, Juliette Gaudin, born in Cuba of Haitian parents, and Josephine Charles from France. During this time, de Lille established an apostolic ministry throughout New Orleans and served as the order’s first Mother Superior.
Henriette Díaz de Lille died of tuberculosis on November 17, 1862 in New Orleans Louisiana. She was 50. By 1909, the work of this trailblazer and of the Catholic order she created, the Sister of the Holy Family ministry had grown to 105 sisters with an academy attended by more than 1,300 students.
The Vatican began to consider the canonization of Henriette de Lille in 1989. In 2010, 148 years after her death, Pope Benedict XVI declared her “Venerable,” which is the second step in the process toward sainthood.
Otis D. Alexander, Library Director at Saint John Vianney College Seminary & Graduate School in Miami, Florida, has also directed academic and public libraries in the District of Columbia, Indiana, Texas, and Virginia. In addition, he has been a library manager in the Virgin Islands of the United States as well as in the Republic of Liberia. His research has appeared in Public Library Quarterly, Scribner’s Encyclopedia of American Lives, and Virginia Libraries journal. Alexander received the Bachelor of Arts and Master of Science degrees from the University of the District of Columbia and the Master of Library & Information Science degree from Ball State University. He earned a Doctor of Philosophy degree from International University and studied additionally at Harvard Graduate School of Education Leadership for Academic Librarians, Oberlin Conservatory of Music Voice Performance Pedagogy, and Atlanta University School of Library & Information Studies.
