Mary Fields (1832-1914)

January 21, 2007 
/ Contributed By: John W. Ravage

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Mary Fields

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Born enslaved in Tennessee, this girl came west with Ursuline nuns after being freed. Not known for her quiet temperament, she left the convent in her teens and became, in time, a restaurant owner in several towns in Montana, Wyoming and Alberta and Saskatachewan, Canada, a cigar-smoking madame, the second woman to drive a U.S. Mail coach (earning the appellation Shotgun Mary), a notorious brawler, and one of the most notorious women of her time. The muscular, six-foot tall woman drew attention wherever she ventured as she constantly re-invented herself as an entrepreneur and a once-seen-never-to-be forgotten individual.

Little is known of Fields’s life aside from the businesses she established and her reputation as a woman who would “do whatever it took” to succeed in the cold barrens of the northern high country. Retiring to a placid life of gardening in Cascade, Montana, she was befriended by Gary Cooper, the actor who, as a child, grew up with her as a neighbor. Cooper spoke and wrote fondly of her. Given the limitations society placed upon her by virtue of skin color and sex, she stands out as both a unique individual and a woman who was far ahead of her times in setting new standards for strong women in tough times.

About the Author

Author Profile

Dr. John W. Ravage is Professor Emeritus of Mass Communication at the University of Wyoming, where he also taught as an adjunct professor of African American Studies. His background is in television and film history, writing, production and direction, as well. He has produced books, academic and popular journal articles and television documentaries on the black experience in the Trans-Mississippi West, including Alaska, Canada and Hawaii. His collection of over three thousand photographic images of blacks in the West ranks as one of the larger private libraries in the country. He has served as consultant/writer for groups such as Bill Miles, Educational Films and WTBS Superstation and has written for History of Photography, in England. Ravage serves as consultant to the Eiteljorg Museum of the American West, the Cincinnati Art Museum, the Seattle Museum of History and Industry and the Smithsonian Institution on the African-American West and the works of James Presley Ball, a renowned African American photographer of the West. His books include: Television: The Director’s Viewpoint (Boulder: West View Press, 1978), Singletree, a novel of the black experience in the West (Jelm Mountain, 1990), Kenneth Wiggins Porter’s The Negro On The American Frontier (Editor, 2ND. ed., Ames Publishers, 1996), and Black Pioneers, Images Of The Black Experience On The American Frontier (University of Utah Press, 1997, 2002). A member of the Western Writers of America, he is available for lectures on The Black West.

CITE THIS ENTRY IN APA FORMAT:

Ravage, J. (2007, January 21). Mary Fields (1832-1914). BlackPast.org. https://new.blackpast.org/african-american-history/fields-mary-1832-1914/

Source of the Author's Information:

John W. Ravage, Black Pioneers: Images of the Black Experience on the North American Frontier (Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1997, 2002);. Marcella Thum, Hippocrene U.S.A Guide to Black America (New York: Hippocrene Books, 1992).

Further Reading